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Originated from the countries in the seacoast of mediternranean sea, oriental tobacco (also named Turkey tobacco or Eastern tobacco) is the special type of Nicotiana tobacco. Because of the character of full-bodied aroma and purified sapor, oriental tobacco, as one of the most important material for producing mixed and eastern type cigarettes, is with special value among tobacco products. With full strength and full-bodied aroma, the mixed cigarettes which are popular in the world now can effectively reduce the content of tar to ease the harm for health.
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As main material of mixed cigarette, oriental tobacco takes up 10-15% in the content of mixed cigarette. The oriental tobacco are mainly distributed in more than 30 countries of the world, the most famous of which is Greece, secondly Turkey and then Thailand. At present, the Chinese oriental tobacco are mainly produced in Yunnan, Xinjiang, Zhejiang and Hubei Province. In Yunnan Province, oriental tobacco is mainly planted and processed in Baoshan where it is started to plant in 1988. After ten years of try, the farmer get a suitable measure of growing oriental tobacco in Yunnan. Manufacture base of oriental tobacco was built in Baoshan, Nujiang and Lincang, with planting area of 4000 h©O and annual purchase of tobacco of 6000¡ª6500T. Baoshan oriental tobacco has exceeded the quality standard of Thailand and has been closing to the standard of Turkey and Greece. Right now, Baoshan oriental tobacco, 90% of them exported, stands steadily in international tobacco market. The output, quality and export capacity are all keeping the first in Chinese oriental tobacco industry. As one of the special tobacco industry, Yunnan oriental tobacco is enlisted in the Yunnan Economic development Programming of 2010, showing excellent developing prospect.
Oriental tobacco is originated from Balka byland where the climate is hot, with little rainfall and strong illumination, which is suitable for the growing of tobacco. Comparing to the original producing area, Lujiang and Lancang in the west of Yunnan with low latitude and low altitude, possess the comfortable climate for producing high quality oriental tobacco. West Yunnan is located in the sub-tropic and sub-tropic transition zone, such as Lujiang, Longyang, with annual average temperature21.5¡æ, ¡Ý10¡æ, accumulative temperature 7800¡æ, annual sunlight 2318 hours, annual sun radialization 138.48kg/cm2, annual rainfall 751.4©L, annual evaporation 2111.5©L, and non-frost period 358 days. Wiht the climate features and the 300,000 mu suitable oriental tobacco planting area , the oriental tobacco industry has become the economic support for local farmers. Adopting the method of airing and drying, without firing and any fuel, the producing of oriental tobacco takes an important part in the ecologic protection, energy saving and economic promotion for west China.
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One species of Baoshan oriental tobacco "Basma" (Komodini, Xanthi) is originated from Greece.During the growing period, the monthly average temperature should be 18.4-26¡æ, the monthly average rainfall should be 40mm. The humidity should be 78-65% during the period from seed plot to adjustment, and the rainfall should be 140mm during the period from seed plot to transplanting. The oriental tobacco growing in Baoshan is with small but thick leaves, strong and special aroma, harmonious chemical component, pure taste and excellent combustibility. Therefore, it is the best choice for producing mixed tobacco.
Generally speaking, Baoshan oriental tobacco is planted in the last ten-day of September, and is transplanted in the last ten-day of November. The specification of transplanting tobacco is 40cm¡Á10cm, 16,000 trees per mu; another 40cm¡Á8cm, 20,000 per mu; Komodini 40cm¡Á8cm, 20,000 trees per mu. 2-3kg pure nitrogen is needed per mu, mixed with complexed fertilizer, potassium nitrate and calcium. It needn't to water after transplanting. When 70% tobacco trees reach 40cm high, uncover the theca and clear the deposed theca in the field. Disease and pests , such as white powder disease, tobacco spot, aphid, etc, can reduce the output of tobacco. While picking the tobacco, extend the angle of lower leaf. When the main stem turns white, you should pick the leaves by two times; when the middle leaf turns yellow and the main stem turns white, you should pick the tobacco leaves by three times; When the upper leaf turns mature, you can pick the tobacco leaves for only one time. String the tobacco leaves with proper density, a little thicker in dry seasons and a little thinner in cloudy days. In each unit of area, three confection shed with area of 18m2 should be built. During the manufacture process, NTRM(plastic, fibre, rubber, feather, hair, fer, etc) should be prevented. Besides, people should use the purchase pesticide for production.
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